

World Carnivore Society
Wild Dog Foundation
P.O. Box 1603
Mineola, NY 11501-0901
USA
E-mail address:
savewilddogs@yahoo.com
PRESERVING OUR WORLD'S WILD CANINES
The Wild Dog Foundation
African Wild Dogs
Wild Dog. What does that mean? Well, for some, Wild Dog is often used negatively. Wild Dog is not someone's pet gone wild but a legitimate term used to describe two of the most endangered carnivores in the world. The Wild Dog Foundation was formed with the intention of bringing notice to two greatly neglected carnivores. This will be done by education and with the hopes of raising funds for research projects. The Wild Dog of Africa (Lycaon Pictus) and the Dhole (Cuon Alpinus) of Asia are two forgotten carnivores in the popular world of conservation. They are often ignored along with other misunderstood Wild Dogs of the world.
The African Wild Dog is one of the most endangered carnivores in the world. They are also the most social member of the dog family. The African Wild Dog is one of the few mammals who takes care of its old, sick and disabled. They have colorful calico coats of black, yellow and white. Their numbers have severely declined due to disease, loss of habitat and human persecution.
IT IS IRONIC THAT THE MOST SOCIAL OF ALL MAMMALS ARE ALSO AMONG THE MOST ENDANGERED
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Lycaon pictus (Latin for "painted wolf") is an apt name for the African wild dog. Their body is similar to that of a wolf but the ears are larger and more rounded: they help keep them cool and allow them to hear very well.. Each dog's marking is unique - splotches of black, pale yellow-brown, blonde and white. The muzzle is black and the tip of the tail is always white. The fur is short but shaggy and is a little longer at the end of the tail and around the throat. There is a dark stripe of fur on the forehead. Dogs vary in size from 35 lbs to 70 lbs and stand about 24 inches at the shoulder. They have four digits on each foot and are extremely lean, muscular animals with long slender legs. Once common in all areas of Africa, except rain forest and deserts, African wild dogs are extinct or nearly extinct in nearly 32 countries of their former range, and the remaining populations are too small to remain viable. Of the six countries where they still exist, only three (Botswana, Tanzania and South Africa) have populations of more than 300 dogs.
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There has never been a documented case of a healthy Wild Dog of any species seriously injuring a person.
Thought at one time to be animals of the savanna, they exist in, and in some cases prefer, wooded areas and bush country. They have adapted to semi-arid deserts and even to the swampy floof plains of the Okavango Delta. A pack of wild dogs was once seen near the top of snowy Mount Kilimanjaro.
With no permanent base, except when the pups are very young, these nomads roam over a home range of 500-1,000 square miles,traveling up to 30 miles a day. Wild dogs are the most social of all canines. They lick the mouth of an alpha animal, displaying the juvenile behavior that caused adults to regurgitate food. Submission is indicated by exposing their bellies and throats to a dominant dog. |
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Bonds between pack members are continually reinforced at 'greeting ceremonies'. Before a hunt, African wild dogs greet each other with leaps,grunts,squeals,tail wagging and morning and late afternoon. When angry or defensive, they produce a deep-throated low growl. Unfortunately, these greetings place the dogs in danger: any illness in the pack quickly spreads to all members. They are especially vulnerable to diseases carried by domestic dog (e.g., distemper and rabies). Wild dogs are unlike other large carnivores in that they rarely fight among themselves, either for food or dominance. They will care for old, sick or injured pack members, regurditating food or licking wounds clean. |
Pack size varies from 2 to 60 members. It comprises an alpha male and female, their pups from previous years and occasionally their own siblings. Normally, only the alpha pair breed, but when food is plentiful, other females may give birth, too. After a gestation period of approximately 72 days, a female gives birth to a letter of 6 to 14 pups, generally between April and June. They use the abandoned burrows of warthogs or hyenas as a den. Pups are the center of attention for the next few months. All of the pack members take part in their care and feeding until they are old enought to hunt. One or two adults stay at the den to protect the pups while the others hunt. |
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The pack hunts cooperatively. African wild dogs can run almost 40 miles per hour. Their diet includes gazelle, antelope, zebra and warthog. They are extremely efficient hunters and contrary to popular belief, prey is dispatched in seconds rather than minutes. Wild dogs are only carnivorous species to allow their young to feed first. The adults wait until the pups are finished before they will feed. There are fewer than 4,000 African wild dogs left in the wild, perhaps only 2,500. Human hatred and persecution have had the most serious effect. They are shot and poisoned by farmers and ranchers. Road kills and snares take a heavy toll on packs that leave protected areas. Rabies, introduced by domestic dogs, has caused the extinction of at least one population. Lions kill wild dogs and hyenas steal their food. |
The Organizations Goals:
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Dhole
The Dhole is a pack hunter from Asia. Their color is a reddish brown with long tails tipped in black. They weigh between 27-45 pounds. There has been much prejudice against the Dhole and they have been poisoned, shot and trapped. There may be up to 25 members in a pack. Dholes have a wide range, from the Indian jungles to the Siberian forests. Dholes hunt deer, wild boar, and buffalo. Dholes are now facing extinction.
DHOLE - Picture by Dr.Leon Durbin - Dhole Conservation Project
Ethiopian Wolf
The Grey Wolf once had the largest range of any mammal except for humans. They are the largest of the Wild Dogs and their range has been greatly reduced. Wolves are being reintroduced to National Parks and their numbers are rebounding, thanks to protection. Ethiopian Wolves number fewer than 500. They are a reddish color and live in packs. Unlike Grey Wolves, Ethiopian Wolves hunt mainly rodents. They are in danger of extinction.
Bush Dog
Bush Dogs resemble otters more then dogs. They are small, pack living, canines who hunt small deer and large rodents. They live in grasslands and rain forests.
Maned Wolf Maned Wolves are not true wolves but a beautifully unique canine found on the South American grasslands. Their long legs help them to hunt for prey in tall grass. They are bright red in color with black on their legs and a white chest. They hunt birds, reptiles, rodents, and occasionally deer. They live in pairs. |
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MANED WOLF - Picture by Robert Berghaier
THE ADIRONDACK COYWOLF - (Canis latrans lycaon)
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Coyotes are one of the most successful Wild Dogs in the world. Despite horrible persecution, coyotes have expanded their range. Still, today coyotes are being relentlessly slaughtered by human hatred. Coyotes have an important role to play in nature. There has been many myths about the large wild canine that has settled here in Northeastern Noth America. Many of these myths have been purpetuated by those who hate this animal and do not think it has the right to exist in the enviroment. However, there are a growing number of friends of this beautiful animal. In the beginning there was thought that this new species in the East was a mixture of dog and the supposed new coyote inmigrant who had traveled from the west. However studies show that unless manipulated by humans, dogs, coyotes and wolves cannot adjust their breeding cycles in order to time their mating seasons to coincide with eachother. So, even though dogs and coyotes can interbreed, in the wild the likehood of this happening is impossible. So there is no such thing as a coydog in New England. One explaination is that this new animal evolved larger and very wolf -like in order to capture large prey like deer. While evidence is inconclusive and coyote-like animals in other habitats who kill large prey show no size differences, it is unlikely that large size to kill deer is the reason for this wild canines uniqueness. |
The only other answer is that coyotes and wolves have bred together. Recent genetic evidence shows this to be the case. Even further it shows that the wolf of the East is really the Red wolf and is very closely related to the coyote maybe even just variations of eachother. Neither the Red wolf (or now called the Eastern Canadian wolf) or the coyote associate much with the much larger gray wolf thought they can all interbreed. |
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Unfortunately some groups do not like this new animal either.This new species is already under tremendous pressure from humans as having to adapt to increasing human population and unlimited hunting pressures. Many coywolves are killed every year by those who refuse to coexist with them. |
However the coywolf is to be admired, for they are filling the niche they belong in as a top of the food-chain predator. They control deer populations as in some areas deer constitute 80% of their diet. They also prey on marmots and muskrats and heavily on beaver and hares and rabbits. They are a very important predator in the Eastern ecosystem. They can adapt to humans and agriculture (coyotes) and fill the role of a top predator regulating large prey populations (wolves) and every scale in between. Lets support the new wolf has deservingly evolved to fill the void left by our prejudice.
WOLVES FOR THE NORTHEAST
THE WILD DOG FOUNDATION is a proud member of C.R.E.W. The Coalition to Restore the Eastern Wolf.
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There is no reason the Northeastern U.S. cannot have more than one species of wolf in its forested ecosystems. The recent genetic evidence that Eastern Coyotes in their Northern range are wolf\coyote hybrids and possible historic evidence that the wolf of colonial times was in fact the Red (or Algonquin) wolf with the larger grey wolf in the Northern fringes, does not matter in the basic arguement , we need to restore predators regardless. The Scale of the Eastern forest and the diversity in prey species proves that there can be different predators for differing roles. Like some ecosystems in Africa and Asia , different sized predators kill different sized prey. While wolves in general are not specialists and will take anysize prey, the large moose populations in Maine , New Hampshire and Vermont could support the larger grey wolf. While the Algonquin wolf and coyote/wolf hybrid will prey on white-tail deer and beaver. Truth is , all these wolf species are opportunists and will hunt a variety of prey. Also, Algonquin wolves may form mixed packs with coyotes and hybrids as has been done in Southern Ontario , and may be happening in the Adirondacks . We are against the killing of coyotes to support wolf recovery as has been done in North Carolina . The last decade several wolves whether captive or wild have been killed in the Northeast, Why? Because of liberal killing of coyotes. Wolves will not recover on their own if people keep shooting coyotes. People need to realize that wolf recovery in the East is dependant on better attitudes towards coyotes. It is our moral obligation, not just on ecological grounds, to restore large predators. It is also not fair to advocate for certain predators that are publically more favorable than others when all predators are important. We could have three species of wolves competing for resources and we would not be overwhelmed by predators as some feel. Coyotes, contrary to some, are not out of balance nor are they over abundant .All predators are dependant on their prey, both wolves and coyotes. The Northeast does has room for a larger predator in the grey wolf, possibly cougars as well. The Eastern coyote is also a valuable predator in the ecosystem and plays an important role. The Red or Algonquin wolf as well belongs here too. It is time to advocate for all carnivores.
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Maine Wolf Coalition http://home.acadia.net/mainewolf/index.html
Eastern Coyote webpage http://www2.bc.edu/~wayjo/mainpage.html
Coalition to Restore the Eastern Wolf http://www.easternwolf.org
Northeast Ecological Recovery Society http://adirondackwolf.org/index.html
Carnivore Conservation http://www.carnivoreconservation.org
Painted Dog Conservation http://www.painteddog.org
Canid Specialist Group http://www.canids.org
Dhole Conservation Project http://www.cuon.net/dholes/
ADOPT AN ADULT SHELTER DOG OR CAT IN THE NEW YORK AREA
Save a Pet http://www.saveapetli.net
Rescue Ink http://www.rescueink.org
Nassau SPCA http://www.ncspca.com
Suffolk SPCA http://207.234.166.144
Last Hope http://www.lasthopeanimalrescue.org
Little Shelter http://www.littleshelter.com
Town of North Hempstead Animal Shelter http://theshelterconnection.com/shelterinfo.shtml
All Drawings are original works by Steven Nash and are exclusive property of the Wild Dog Foundation.
All Pictures are exclusive property of the Wild Dog Foundation.
Please write us for any questions at:
The World Carnivore Society • The Wild Dog Foundation
P.O. Box 1603, Mineola, NY 11501-0901, USAE-mail address:
savewilddogs@yahoo.comFounded 1996